Upcoming Events
Past seminars
Monday May 20th, 2024 at 11am
Fractal Structures and Tsallis Statistics in High-Energy and Hadron Physics
Airton Deppman (Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paolo, Brazil)
This talk provides an in-depth analysis of the emergence of Tsallis Statistics through fractal structures in high-energy collisions in the context of high-energy physics and hadron physics. The self-similarity in the parton structure resulting from the scale properties of the Callan-Symanzik Equation is examined, demonstrating the recursive relations that allow for the emergence of Tsallis distributions. The implications of these results, including the relation between the Tsallis parameter q and the number of colours and flavours, are discussed in detail.
The talk discusses the potential of the same theoretical approach for the study of hadron structure, in view of the z-scaling connections with the Tsallis distributions and with thermofractal structure. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into the intricate relationship between fractal structures, Tsallis Statistics, and non-local correlations in high-energy collisions, highlighting their significance for the field of high-energy physics and hadron physics.
Monday May 6th, 2024 at 11am
The QCD Running Coupling
Alexandre Deur (JLAB)
We will discuss the QCD running coupling, αs, starting from its definition and meaning in the QCD's perturbative domain. We will then show how the definition of αs can be extended into the non-perturbative domain. Such extension is not unique and we will focus on the extension based on the concept of effective charges. This particular extension is especially useful as it permits us to measure αs in the non-perturbative domain. We will describe the measurement and its result. Furthermore, such effective charge can be computed using the AdS/CFT correspondence. We will briefly describe the calculation and then compare its result to the measurements and to other non-perturbative determinations of αs.
Monday February 5th, 2024 at 11am
DEI in Physics & STEM
Raúl Briceño (UC Berkely, LBNL)
Issues related to Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (DEI) in Physics and STEM overall have received an increasing amount of attention. Unlike most problems that we have been trained to solve as physicists, those associated with DEI are multi-variabled, making them much harder to understand and consequently to solve. In this talk, I will try to discuss the sticky issues of DEI from a physicist’s point of view. I give a summary of my current understanding of what are some of the key problems, I share my thoughts on what may be some of their roots, and I give some tips, as to how to help while minimizing possible arguments. Finally, I give examples of outreach efforts that I have found to be particularly helpful in reducing overall barriers of entry into STEM.
Monday November 20th, 2023 at 11am
Generalized parton distributions through universal moment parameterization: the gluonic sector with deeply virtual J/ψ production
M. Gabriel Santiago (CNF)
We present a further step toward a global extraction of gluon generalized parton distributions (GPDs). In our previous work we performed the first global analysis of quark GPDs by including lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) calculations, global fitted forward parton distribution functions (PDFs), form factors (FFs), and Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) measurements from JLab and Hadron-Electron Ring Accelerator (HERA) to constrain two quark flavors with leading order QCD evolution. There, the inclusion of DVCS did not probe gluon structure at leading order, as the gluon GPDs only enter through evolution. In this talk we discuss the inclusion of HERA measurements of Deeply Virtual Meson Production (DVMP) in order to study gluon GPDs at non-zero skewness using the same conformal moment parameterization ansatz. We concentrate our study on the production of J/ψ mesons in order to limit quark contributions and thus allow for greater constraints on the gluon GPDs at non-zero skewness.
Monday November 13th, 2023 at 11am
Measurements of Single and Pair Production of Hadrons in Nuclear SIDIS in the CLAS experiment
Sebouh Paul (Jefferson Lab)
I will present recent measurements of semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering measurements off nuclei with CLAS, in both single-hadron and double-hadron channels. I will describe how these measurements can constrain the interaction between quarks and cold nuclear matter, and also the nuclear modifications to transverse-momentum dependent parton-distribution functions. I will finalize by describing an upcoming eA scattering experiment with CLAS12 with a higher beam energy and much larger luminosity, as well as planned studies that will further strengthen emerging frameworks to describe these physics, including but not limited to, new Monte-Carlo generators and global QCD analyses.
Monday October 2nd, 2023 at 11am
Lattice calculation of nucleon PDFs and GPDs using Large Momentum Effective Theory
Peter Petreczky (Brookhaven National Lab)
Lattice QCD results on quark PDFs and GPDs of the nucleon obtained within the Large Momentum Effective Theory (LaMET) with NLO and NNLO matching will be presented. I will discuss how different versions of LaMET, such as the quasi-PDF approach and the short distance factorization or the pseudo-PDF approach complement each other. Results on un-polarized quark distributions and quark transversity distribution will be shown. In addition I will discuss calculations of the higher moments of unpolarized quark GPDs based on short distance factorization.
11AM - 12:30PM EDT May 22nd, 2023
Accessing GPDs using the dilepton final state: results and perspectives with CLAS12
Pierre Chatagnon (Jefferson Lab)
Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) describe the correlations between the longitudinal momentum and the transverse position of the partons inside the nucleon. They are nowadays the subject of an intense effort of research, in the perspective of understanding nucleon spin and the nucleon Gravitational Form Factors (GFFs). Experimentally, the main reaction to measure GPDs have been the Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) reaction. In this talk, I will present complementary ways to access GPDs using the dilepton final state with the CLAS12 detector. First, I will present the first measurement of the Timelike Compton Scattering reaction (the hard photoproduction of a lepton pair), that gives access to the GPDs via the beam polarization asymmetry and angular asymmetry of the electron/positron pair. This measurement was done using data taken in 2018 by the CLAS12 detector with a 10.6 GeV electron beam impinging on a liquid-hydrogen target. I will then present the current effort to extract the near-threshold J/ψ photoproduction cross section using the same dataset. This later measurement is expected to provide direct insight on the gluons GPDs of the proton.
Zoom Link: https://jlab-org.zoomgov.com/j/1601213226?pwd=dUNRdHgvMm45bDZXWWM2Y2JYe…
11AM - 12:30PM EDT May 8th, 2023
Modeling and extraction of GPDs from exclusive processes
Hervé Dutrieux (The College of William and Mary)
Generalized parton distributions (GPDs) encompass crucial information on the three-dimensional structure of hadrons and their mechanical properties via the gravitational form factors. I will discuss how their scale dependence determines the propagation of uncertainty in the deconvolution problem of hard exclusive observables, and offers at the same time a great opportunity to model GPDs in the small Bjorken-x limit. I will present a modeling strategy to implement theoretical constraints and give a more comprehensive picture of extraction uncertainties.
Zoom Link: https://jlab-org.zoomgov.com/j/1601213226?pwd=dUNRdHgvMm45bDZXWWM2Y2JYe…
11AM - 12:30PM EDT April 3rd, 2023
New methods to access GPDs from lattice QCD and synergies for nuclear tomography
Martha Constantinou (Temple University)
Traditionally, lattice QCD computations of GPDs have been carried out in a frame where the transferred momentum is symmetrically distributed between the incoming and outgoing hadrons. However, such frames are inconvenient for lattice QCD calculations since each value of the momentum transfer requires a separate calculation, increasing the computational cost. In recent work (PRD 106 (2022) 11, 114512), we lay the foundation for more effective calculations of GPDs applicable for any frame, with freedom in the transferred momentum distribution. An important aspect of the approach is the Lorentz covariant parameterization of the matrix elements in terms of Lorentz-invariant amplitudes, which allows one to relate matrix elements in different frames. We demonstrate the efficacy of the formalism through numerical calculations using one ensemble of Nf=2+1+1 twisted mass fermions with a pion mass of about 260 MeV. Concentrating on the proton and zero skewness, we extract the invariant amplitudes from matrix element calculations in both the symmetric and asymmetric frame and obtain results for the twist-2 light-cone GPDs for unpolarized quarks, H and E.
We discuss the necessity of lattice QCD calculation of GPDs in the pre-EIC era. Also, we address and complementarity to the theoretical and phenomenological communities within the scientific program of the DOE-funded QGT Topical Collaboration on the 3D quark and gluon tomography.
Zoom Link: https://jlab-org.zoomgov.com/j/1601213226?pwd=dUNRdHgvMm45bDZXWWM2Y2JYe…
10AM - 11:30AM EDT May 25th, 2022
Building Identity in Physics through Teaching
Narbe Kalantarians (Virginia Union University)
Over the past 9 years I’ve embraced the mission of recruiting Black physicists, motivated by the fact that physics has been largely monotone in culture for the majority of its existence. What I’ve been learning continually for my role as a faculty member and researcher in physics, is that it entails empathy, patience, and recognition. In order to be successful, students from underrepresented groups need a sense of belonging in a field that has been predominantly White. Helping their communities is also significant to them. Time and time again, we have seen that teaching and mentoring are crucial for these. It is also invaluable that they see physicists who look like them. Virginia Union University brought back its physics program in 2016 with a planning grant from the National Science Foundation. We started with 7 students and since then, it has grown to 25 majors at present [1]. In this talk, I will go in to detail about how we have grown this program and the lessons we have learned (and continue to do so) along the way.
[1]https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/19CV75aPpmETtDQ0vkmK7vNJtUL2PBpD…
Zoom Link: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/9055536445?pwd=M3F5dVBrL2lwZmlLVms5bnJRU1lEZz…
10:00 AM - 11:00 AM EDT May 17th, 2022
JLab 24 GeV Group Discussion
Zoom Link: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/9055536445?pwd=M3F5dVBrL2lwZmlLVms5bnJRU1lEZz…
10:00 AM - 11:30 AM EDT April 27th, 2022
Exploring the Nucleus in 3D with GPDs
Raphaël Dupré (Laboratoire Irène Joliot-Curie Université Paris-Saclay)
In this presentation, I will review contemporaneous issues with our understanding of the nucleus from the hadronic physics point of view. In particular, I will go into details about the present situation on the study of the EMC effect. I will then rapidly review the physics of GPDs and how it can help us to better understand the nucleus and its quark structure. Then, I will present the CLAS collaboration experiment and our measurement of the beam spin asymmetries in both the coherent and incoherent DVCS channels off helium. I will discuss the importance of these results and lay out our projects to extend this experiment at JLab 12 GeV with a new recoil detector (ALERT). Finally, I will present our recently developed MC event generator for nuclear DVCS and perspectives for the field at the EIC to study lower x phenomena such as shadowing.
Zoom Link: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/4241669197
11:00 AM - 12:30 PM EDT April 20th, 2022
Fundamental QCD Effects in Nuclei: Diquark Induced Short-Range Correlations
Jennifer Rittenhouse West (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory & EIC Center @ Jefferson Lab)
Newly-formed diquark correlations across overlapping nucleon-nucleon pairs are proposed as the underlying fundamental QCD basis for short-range correlations (SRC) in nuclei. SRC, in turn, have been shown to be at least partially responsible for the EMC effect. In this model, each nucleon in a highly overlapping SRC pair donates one valence quark to the new diquark; effectively falling into the attractive short-range QCD potential between quarks and forming a bond. The lowest mass diquark is shown to be the spin-0 isospin-0 color-antitriplet [ud] diquark with a binding energy of nearly 150 MeV. The flavor structure of the energetically favored [ud] allows for flavor-dependent inequality range predictions for SRC experiments. A recent experiment at Jefferson Lab investigated the isospin dependence of SRC with results favorable to the diquark formation model.
10:00 AM - 11:30 AM EDT April 6, 2022
Deep Exclusive Electroproduction of π0 at High Q2 in the Quark Valence Regime
Julie Roche (Ohio University)
In this talk, I will present measurements of the exclusive neutral pion electroproduction cross section off protons at large values of xB (0.36, 0.48, and 0.60) and Q2 (3.1 to 8.4 GeV2) obtained from Jefferson Lab Hall A experiment E12-06-014. The corresponding structure functions dσT/dt+εdσL/dt, dσTT/dt, dσLT/dt, and dσLT′/dt are extracted as a function of the proton momentum transfer t-tmin. The results suggest the amplitude for transversely polarized virtual photons continues to dominate the cross section throughout this kinematic range. The data are well described by calculations based on transversity generalized parton distributions coupled to a helicity flip distribution amplitude of the pion, thus providing a unique way to probe the structure of the nucleon. These results were recently published in PRL under the reference Phys.Rev.Lett. 127 (2021) 15, 152301.
11:00 AM - 12:30 PM EDT March 29th, 2022
Exclusive massive photon-pair production in pion-nucleon collisions for extracting generalized parton distributions
Speaker: Jianwei Qiu (JLab)
Generalized parton distribution functions (GPDs) are fundamental quantum correlation functions carrying rich information on internal quark-gluon landscape inside a hadron. In this talk, I will argue that exclusive massive photon-pair production in pion-nucleon collisions can be systematically studied in terms of QCD factorization approach if the photon's transverse momentum pT with respect to the colliding pion is sufficient large. This exclusive scattering amplitude can be factorized into universal pion's distribution amplitude (DA) and nucleon's GPD, convoluted with an infrared safe and perturbatively calculable short-distance hard part. The correction to this factorized expression is suppressed by powers of 1/pT. I will show quantitatively that this new type of exclusive processes is not only complementary to existing processes for extracting GPDs, but also capable of providing an enhanced sensitivity to the momentum fraction x-dependence of both DAs and GPDs. I will also introduce a couple of new and related exclusive processes to enhance our ability to extract GPDs.